Media Filtration is probably the oldest water treatment system. In grave of pharao Amenophis II, pictures have been found, showing men filtrating water, dating 1.500 years BC. Still it is a simple, but efficient process removing particles in all ranges of size and showing biological activity.

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This treatment relies only partly of size exclusion at the surface, but rather on volume filtration within the complete filter body. This can be especially enhanced using multi-media filtration. Due to different media layers within one filter, a wider spectrum of particles can be removed, using the volume more efficiently.

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In most cases for large volume flows (500-1000 m³/h), open filters in concrete, operated by gravity, are applied, while at lower volume flows closed steel filters, operated by gravity or by pressure are usually the right choice.

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Using media like activated carbon, the operation can be extended from particle removal to the removal of dissolved organic compounds.

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Single-media and multi-media filtration are often combined with flocculation processes, allowing a final polishing and safe particle removal.